Dragon tree - A strange tree

                           DRAGON TREE


Dragon’s blood, which refers to the bright red resin or sap obtained from the dragon’s blood tree, was used for making varnish by the 18th century Italian violin makers.

Dragon’s blood tree, which is the common name of Dracaena cinnabari, is an evergreen tree. It is endemic to the Socotra archipelago, which includes four islands in the Indian Ocean. It grows in the harsh, arid climate of the Socotra Island, which is the largest of the four islands of the Socotra archipelago. It is a part of the Republic of Yemen. It is very rich in flora and fauna, with around 700 species that are native to this island only. The island was recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as a world natural heritage site in July 2008.

Dracaena cinnabari tree is one of the most distinctive plants of this region. It can be found at the elevations of 300-1500 m. It gets its unusual common name from the red-colored sap or resin that exudes from the fissures in the bark or the branches of the tree. This resin has been used for various purposes for centuries. The following sections provide a few

Interesting Facts about the Dragon’s Blood Tree

There has been some confusion regarding the taxonomic classification of this genus, with the species being classified under three families called Agavaceae, Liliaceae, and Dracaenaceae. The species of this genus have survived in margins of the Tethys tropical forest since the Tertiary period. This tree has adapted well to its environment. Here are a few facts about this tree.

✦ Dragon’s blood, the resin extracted from the trunk of the Dracaena cinnabari, was known to the ancient Romans. It finds mention in a 1st century Periplus. interesting facts about the dragon’s blood tree.

✦ Dracaena cinnabari was first described by Lieutenant Wellsted of the East India Company in 1830s, but it was a Scottish botanist named Isaac Bayley Balfour who described the species and gave it its scientific name in 1880.

✦ The density of this plant is not homogeneous. The trees can be found in the central plateau of Dixam, the central granite massive of Haggeher, and the eastern area of Hamadero, Sirahon and Kilisan.

✦ Dracaena cinnabari is the only plant in the Dracaena genus to form dense woodlands.

✦ This tree should not be mistaken for Dracaena draco, another species from

 the genus that is also called dragon’s blood tree. This species is native to

 Canary Islands, Madeira, Morocco, and Cape Verde Island.

✦ Dracaena cinnabari trees are mostly found on limestone plateaus on the 

Socotra Island.

✦ In its native habitat, this tree can live for hundreds of years. However, its

 population is getting affected due to fragmentation of its habitat by human 

activities.

✦ The trees grow well in regions that experience mist and low clouds, as the

 leaves can then trap moisture from the air, and channel it towards the roots.

✦ The shape of the tree could be attributed to dichotomous branching, wherein

 each of the branch divides into two sections. The trunk divides after the tree 

flowers, which is why botanists can calculate the approximate age of the tree by

 counting the number of divisions.

✦ The trees often grow together. Their umbrella-shaped crown or canopy also

 blocks the harsh rays of the sun, thereby protecting the seedlings that grow 

under the trees.


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